Part I: General Biological Aspects.- Ecology and Physiology of Root Canal Microbial Biofilm Communities.- Molecular Principles of Adhesion and Biofilm Formation.- Antimicrobial Resistance in Biofilm Communities.- Part II: Observational and Experimental Evidence.- The Use of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) in Visualizing the Root Canal Biofilm.- Bacterial Biofilms and Endodontic Disease: Histo-Bacteriological and Molecular Exploration.- Laboratory Models of Biofilms: Development and Assessment.- Root Canal Anatomy: Implications in Biofilm Disinfection.- Part III: Outcome and Strategies of Treatment.- Biofilm-Associated Infections in Root Canals Treatment and Outcomes.- Root Canal Irrigation.- Inter-Appointment Medication with Calcium Hydroxide in Routine Cases of Root Canal Therapy.- Chapter 11. Advanced Therapeutic Options to Disinfect Root Canals.