Introduction : Building Communities of Practice in Comparative Effectiveness Research.- Translational Evidence Mechanism: Probability-Utility Model Comparative Effectiveness Research. Implication for Endodontics: Clinically Relevant Complex Systematic Reviews in Endodontics: Relevance to Comparative Effectiveness Research and Evidence-Based Clinical Decision-Making.- Efficacy, Effectiveness and Evidence-Based Dental Decision Making: Principles and Practice.- Decision-Making in Endotontics: The Selection of Evidences for Evidence-Based Health Care.- Endodontic Therapy vs. Dental Implant Therapy: Deciding the Best Approach.- The Translation Evidence Mechanism.- Is a Single-Visit Approach for Endodontic Treatment Supported by the Best Available Evidence?- Comparative Effectiveness Research and Evidence-Based Decisions: A New Dimension for Establishing Clinical Relevance in Endodontics for the Next Decades. Evidence-Based Nursing : In Patient Cardiology Practice.- In-Patient Medicine Practice.- Surgical Specialties.- Psychiatry.- Evidence-Based Practice in Transplant Services.- Out Patient and Geriatrics.- Transitional Care.- Conclusion : Applications for Comparative Effectiveness and Efficacy Research and Analysis for Practice (CEERAP) in Developing Patient-Centered Optimal Treatment Interventions in Health Care for the Next Decade.