Preface.- Part I: The Sporting Brain.- Sports Performance and the Brain.- Brain Activity during Motor Imagery.- Brain Oscillations and Athletic Performance.- Intra- and Inter-Person Coordinated Movements of Fingers and Toes.- Training Locomotor Function.- On the Structure of Movement Preparation.- Muscle Relaxation and Sports.- Neural Mechanisms of Muscle Cramp.- Task Difficulty Affects the Association Between Childhood Fitness and Cognitive Flexibility.- Part II: The Physiological Basis of Sports Performance.- Genetic Polymorphisms associated with Elite Athlete Status.- Resting Energy Expenditure in Japanese Athletes.- Health Issues and Dietary Strategies for Heavy Athletes.- High Fat Diet and Endurance Exercise Performance.- Nonuniform Muscle Hypertrophy along the Length Induced by Resistance Training.- Quantitative Profiles of the Quadriceps Femoris in Sport Athletes.- Jump Performance Enhancement Induced by Countermovement.- Can a High-Intensity Contraction be Enhanced by a Conditioning Contraction? Insight from the Relationship between Shortening Velocity of Muscle Fibers and Post activation Potentiation.- Is Graduated Pressure Profile an Essential Feature for Compression Stockings to Reduce Fatigue Development of the Plantar Flexors?.- Exercise in Space: Physical and mental benefit.- Part III: Performance and Coaching in Various Sports.- Energetic Considerations in Cross-Country Skiing.- Biomechanical Analysis of V2 Skating in Cross-Country Skiing.- Limb Force Generation as a Limiting Factor for Maximum-effort Acceleration Performance.- Optimal Technique, Variability and Control in Gymnastics.- Activity of the Trunk and Leg Musculature during the Flutter Kick.- Open Water Swimming Performance.- The Spin on a Baseball for Eight Different Pitches Thrown by an Elite Professional Pitcher.- Baseball Hitting Accuracy and Contributing Factors.- Automatic Tracking of Player Locations from Video Image of Football Game.- Conceptualization of Coaching Process and Coaching Practice.