This book covers the issues related to the advances in productivity and organizational management that result from the continuous and highly complex process of change that today's organizations are facing. Effective work practices and good employee relations are a real necessity of today's organizations, as they can help to reduce absenteeism, turnover, and organizational costs, conducting high levels of commitment, effectiveness, performance and productivity. Addressing these questions this book focuses on the implications of those changes in productivity and organizational management. It explores the models, tools and processes used by organizations to help managers become better prepared to face the challenges and changes in work and, consequently, in the way how to manage today's organizations. As a consequence of social, technological, political and economic changes, the field of work and organization management has become highly complex, claiming management for more effective strategies. Conscious of this reality, this book provides support to academics and researchers, as well as those operating in the management field who need to deal with policies and strategies related to work issues. Giving special attention to interdisciplinary perspectives, to further our knowledge and understanding of productivity and related change processes and work practices, the different chapter contributions of this book contribute to a better merger and interrelationship among organization, management and employee needs in order to increase efficiency, productivity and profitability of modern organizations.